DAY 83 (May 16) The last day of the count started with 100% St cloud cover and 2C, with the cloud thinning then breaking after 0900 producing a mainly sunny day with the temperature rising to a season-high 22C. Winds were mainly SSW-SW occasionally gusting to 30 km/h in the afternoon. Not surprisingly raptor movement was slow despite the first migrant, a subadult BAEA, moving north at 0629, and only three more migrants were recorded with the last bird of the season being a juvenile SSHA at 1408. We had several sightings of resident raptors, however, the highlight being an adult NOGO unsuccessfully hunting Northern Rough-winged Swallows just north of the site in the afternoon and then half an hour later being vigorously mobbed itself by a MERL. No new species of bird arrived, but a very pleasant day with several members and friends visiting the site had an end of school feeling and was capped by a large male Black Bear moving southwards across the ski slopes to the west at 1709. Like the previous months, the total raptor count in May was well below average (88 birds, -40%) despite the time spent in the field being close to average. The GOEA total of 24 was 61% below average, while the 6 BAEA were 38% below average, and only NOGO (5) and RTHA (18) were significantly above average. Overall the GOEA count of 2141 (-35.2%) was the lowest ever, 320 lower than the previous low count in 1997, and continues a diminishing trend that started in 1996. The BAEA total of 212 was close to average (-3.9%), while RTHA was 55.8% above average and the highest spring count since 1999. The 20 MERL counted (+104%) was the highest total ever, as was the total of 4 TUVU (+522%), with 7 of the 13 birds counted since 1993 occurring in the last three years. Over the 83 days of the count we tallied a total of 17,560 birds of 130 species, and had the pleasure of welcoming 479 visitors to the site. We will now conduct our principal complete counts at the South Livingstone site both in the spring and fall, but plan a 30-day count at Mount Lorette this fall starting around September 30. Consult our website for details and we hope to see you this coming fall at one of both of the sites. (14 hours: 1019) BAEA 1 (212), SSHA 1 (62), RTHA 1 (70), GOEA 1 (2141), TOTAL 4 (2621)


FINAL COUNT (with variance from 1993-2006 average)

DAYS 83 (+ 4.1%)
HOURS 1019 (+19.5%)

TURKEY VULTURE (TUVU) 4 (+522%)
OSPREY (OSPR) 8 (-25%)
BALD EAGLE (BAEA) 212 (-3.9%)
NORTHERN HARRIER (NOHA) 6 (-40%)
SHARP-SHINNED HAWK (SSHA) 62 (-11%)
COOPER’S HAWK (COHA) 18 (-2.7%)
NORTHERN GOSHAWK (NOGO) 27 (-17%)
Accipiter sp. (UA) 8
BROAD-WINGED HAWK (BWHA) 1 (-44%)
SWAINSON’S HAWK SWHA) 1 (-40%)
RED-TAILED HAWK (RTHA) 70 (+55.8%)
ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK (RLHA) 17 (-14%)
GOLDEN EAGLE (GOEA) 2141 (-35.2%)
AMERICAN KESTREL (AMKE) 9 (+34%)
MERLIN (MERL) 20 (+103%)
GYRFALCON 3 (+100%)
PEREGRINE FALCON (PEFA) 2 (-15%)
PRAIRIE FALCON (PRFA) 5 (+45.8%)
Falco sp. (UF) 1
Unidentified raptor (UU) 6

TOTAL 2621 (-30.56%)

DAY 82 (May 15) Cloudless skies produced a temperature of -2C at 0600 and they persisted until 1100 when 10-50% Cu cloud developed most of the rest of the day. The temperature rose to 18.5C with almost continuous sunshine, with variable light winds at valley level and light to moderate NW winds aloft. Only one migrant raptor was seen: a female AMKE at 1744 and it appears the migration is essentially over. Non-raptor species continue to arrive with 4 singing Yellow Warblers [#127] along the river and at the Ponds, where I also heard 2 Soras [#128] calling and Common Yellowthroats singing for the first time. A Blue Jay [#129] calling in the northern riparian area was just the 5th spring record for the area (they are much more common in the fall) and at 1418 a Tennessee Warbler [#130] was singing south of the site which is a species we don’t often record before the spring raptor count ends. Two Common Ravens were fishing at Lorette Ponds at 0600 and caught 3 good sized fish in about 5 minutes despite having to drive off an adult BAEA that was also trying to fish there. Grey Jays have become conspicuous again after almost having disappeared for about 3-4 weeks and today I saw the reason why: the first newly fledged juvenile bird accompanying an adult just south of the site. (14.17 hours: 1005) AMKE 1 (9) TOTAL 1 (2617)

DAY 81 (May 14) The 100% cloud cover at the start soon broke up, but redeveloped between 1000 and 1300 with light rain between 1015 and 1045. Although there were showers in the area until mid afternoon, this was the only rain that fell on me. The temperature rose to 14C from a low of 1C, winds were variable and light with only occasional gusts to 20 km/h from the SW in the afternoon, and the afternoon Cu cloud cover was ideal for observation. All 5 of the migrant raptors moved between 1710 and 1836 when the only GOEA of the day, a subadult, moved to the NW. At 1715 the first Swainson’s Hawk, of the season [#125], an adult dark morph, glided north from the Fisher Range giving us the 11th spring record for the species. The 65 bird species recorded was a new season high and included 7 other first occurrences. Three Northern Waterthrushes [#119] were singing at the Ponds in the morning, where a male Rufous Hummingbird [#120] was spectacularly displaying, while a couple of Least Flycatchers [#121] sang in the aspens to the NW. A pair of Cinnamon Teal [#122] at the northern Ponds was only the 8th spring record for the species and all but one of the sightings has involved a pair of birds. The highlight of the day (and probably of the season) was a Field Sparrow feeding with a flock of Chipping Sparrows under the Stoney Trail power lines 300 m N of Lorette Creek. I observed the bird for about 5 minutes as close as 4 m and made a full description. The bird has been hypothetical for the area since Jack Steeves described one in April 1995, but as it had not been previously recorded in the province Jack felt that his description, although good, was not definitive. The species was seen and confirmed the following year along the Sibbold Trail about 20 km to the NE of our site, and in the light of that and today’s record we should reassess his record as a possible provincial first. At 1508 I flushed a Sprague’s Pipit [#124] from the Hay Meadow for our 4th overall and 1st spring record, and another flock of Chipping Sparrows in the meadow included a Clay-coloured Sparrow [#126] at 1818. Add to these our first pure “Yellow-shafted” Flicker of the season, an adult Northern Saw-whet Owl perched on a snag at the Ponds and the first singing Northern Pygmy-Owl since March 20 and it made for a reasonably good day despite the dwindling of the raptor migration. (13.5 hours: 990.8) SSHA 2 (61), COHA 1 (18), SWHA 1 (1), GOEA 1 (2140) TOTAL 5 (2616)

May 13 (Cliff Hansen) Rain dwindled to very light rain after 0915 and stopped for a couple of hours before steady rain resumed for the rest of the day after 1400. All ridges were obscured all day, and winds were from the SE to NE up to 10 km/h with the temperature steady at 4C. Raptor observation was not possible and a general survey over 8.25 hours produced only 35 species of bird, with a single Western Meadowlark NW of the ponds being of note. A single Muskrat at the Mount Allan Viewpoint pond was the first for the year. NO OBSERVATION

DAY 80 (May 12) (Bill Wilson) Temperatures ranged from -3C up to 19C, with cloud increasing from 0% initially to 100% later in the day and SW to W winds 5-10 gusting 20 km/h. Despite the long day only 2 migrants were recorded: a juvenile GOEA at 1248 and a subadult GOEA at 1643, together with 5 sightings of non-migratory BAEA and an adult male Richardson’s MERL at the site. It’s now looking increasingly likely that the raptor migration is essentially over for this spring and I now plan to finish the count on Wednesday May 16. Bill recorded no new species among the 53 he tallied, but a young Black Bear near the site reported by a visitor was the first for the year. Next Wednesday will also be the last day of season-long counts at the Lorette site for the foreseeable future as today the RMERF Board endorsed my recommendation that the principal count site be moved to South Livingstone for both spring and fall counts starting this fall. Barbara and I are presently starting the process of relocating to the eastern Crowsnest Pass area which we intend to complete this summer. RMERF plans to do a 30-day count at Mount Lorette this coming fall, similar to last year’s effort, depending on the availability of observers, and Cliff has agreed to act as coordinator for the project. (15.17 hours: 977.3) GOEA 2 (2139) TOTAL 2 (2611)

DAY 79 (May 11) The day started as yesterday with a cloudless sky and -3C, but unlike yesterday Cu cloud only developed after 1300 and never exceeded 10% making observation very challenging. Winds were moderate to strong SW to SSW and the temperature rose to 18C. The only migrant raptor seen was a subadult BAEA that went north at 1847: it was a long wait! Other bird species continue to arrive, however, including the first Warbling Vireos [#116], mainly singing in the aspens near Lorette Creek, one day earlier than average, and a single Vesper Sparrow [#117] in the Hay Meadow, a species that is of less than annual occurrence at the site. The highlight of the day, however, came at 1320 when an American Bittern [#118] flew sedately up the river from the north and landed in a backwater just south of the site. This is just the second record for the area of a bird that is extremely rare in the mountains, our first being one I found at the Ponds on April 1, 2003. Another unusual bird was a White-crowned sparrow of the black-lored race Z.l.oriantha that was an overshoot from southern Alberta or farther south and is only rarely recorded at the site. During the previous few days I had recorded a few birds of the white-lored gambelii race moving farther north, but the great preponderance of birds seen in the area have grey lores and appear to be intergrades between the two races. The migratory flocks of Yellow-rumped Warblers that have been so prominent during the last 10 days have moved on, and all birds recorded today were territorial. The Say’s Phoebe that spent seven consecutive days in the Hay Meadow has also moved on, and three Great blue Herons appear to be sitting eggs at the heronry. (14 hours: 962.1) BAEA 1 (211) TOTAL 1 (2609)

DAY 78 (May 10) Cloudless skies and calm conditions allowed the temperature to fall to -3C at 0615, but a generally sunny day with light variable lower winds and moderate to light SSW upper winds produced a high of 16C. Varying amounts of Cu and Ci cloud gave a splendid background allowing detection of exceptionally high soaring birds in mid-afternoon. Raptor movement was again slow but steady and typical for this late in the season, and was again dominated by juvenile Red-tailed Hawks, most of which showed signs of moult in the wings and tail. New bird species for the day were a singing Dusky Flycatcher [#112] and 2 Spotted Sandpipers [# 114], 2 days earlier than average, and two rare birds for the area. At 1119 a Lewis’ Woodpecker [#113] flew low over the site towards the south giving just the third record for the area, the previous being May 22 1993 and May 1 1999. At 1499 it reappeared at the site and flew north to perch in an aspen in the Hay Meadow, and as I watched it a pair of Common Grackles [#115] flew from the ENE and perched briefly in an aspen stand adjacent to the one in which the woodpecker was perched, before flying off to the north. This is only the second record for the area, the first being on May 9, 1999. I heard Hermit Thrush and White-crowned Sparrows in song for the first time, and Townsend’s Warblers are now common singing in the old-growth spruce areas. The first proven breeding success of the year was a pair of Canada Geese with 3 goslings on the river. At 0700 I was greeted at the site by a herd of 56 Elk which moved off to the north, and at 1340 yesterday’s Grizzly Bear was foraging for roots about 50 m east of the site. It was another entertaining day. (14.17 hours: 948.1) OSPR 2 (8), BAEA 1 (210), NOGO 2 (27), RTHA 6 (69), GOEA 2 (2137) TOTAL 13 (2608)

DAY 77 (May 9) Large puddles on the trail to the site testified to the heavy rain associated with the thunderstorm that developed just after I left yesterday evening, but today was sunny all day with 5-60% Cu cloud, temperatures from 6C to 14C and generally only moderate SW winds. At 1645 the lower winds changed abruptly to the north, although the upper flow remained SSW. There was no raptor movement in the morning, but with the upper winds diminishing birds sporadically migrated between 1250 and 1845. Highlights were our 4th TUVU (a juvenile) soaring above the middle of the valley being harried (appropriately!) by a female NOHA, and our first Broad-winged Hawk [#111] receiving similar attention from 2 juvenile SSHA as they drifted north above the valley. All 5 RTHA were juveniles, and the MERL was an adult male richardsoni that spent around 10 minutes bathing and preening in the river before flying off. The total bird species count for the day was a season high 64, and included 7 more new species. Single male Common Yellowthroat [#104] and Wilson’s Warbler [#105] were at the Ponds but not yet singing, where I also found a recently dead Mourning Dove [#106] below the power lines, that may have been electrocuted in last nights thunderstorm. Two visiting birdwatchers from Calgary, Bernard and Terese Goulet, reported a singing Cassin’s Vireo [#107] at the trailhead, and a Hermit Thrush [#108] south of the site, and after they had joined me there a male Western Tanager [ #109] flew in and perched above us. In the early afternoon I found 2 female Brewer’s Blackbirds [#110] in the meadow. As I arrived at the Stoney Trailhead early in the morning, the first Grizzly Bear of the season, a probable adult male, was already there, and made its way north and spent some time near the site in the Hay Meadow. He was our 23rd mammal species of the season. (14 hours: 933.9) TUVU 1 (4), BAEA 2 (209), NOHA 1 (6), SSHA 3 (59), BWHA 1 (1), RTHA 5 (63), GOEA 1 (2135), MERL 1 (20) TOTAL 15 (2595)

DAY 76 (May 8) Winds were again strong SW all day raising the temperature to 21C from a low of 12C. It was cloudless until after 1000 when up to 50% Cu, Ci and Ac cloud developed, then after 1800 Sc cloud moved rapidly from the west, rain started at 1825 with thunder developing after 1925. Only two migrant raptors were seen: a juvenile COHA and a juvenile RTHA, but 46 other bird species were recorded including the first Orange-crowned Warblers [#101], 7 days later than average, a female Purple Finch [#102] and a single Bank Swallow [#103], one of our earliest records and consistent with the early return dates of the other swallow species. A male Rusty Blackbird was displaying at the Ponds early in the morning although the species has never bred here. I also saw 10 butterfly species including first records of Hoary Elfin, Spring Azure and Freija Fritillary, and found single flowering Pygmy Androsace and Early Blue Violet for the first time this year in the Hay Meadow. (13.33 hours: 919.9) COHA 1 (17), RTHA 1 (58) TOTAL 2 (2580)

DAY 75 (May 7) Strong SW winds all day with the temperature ranging from 10C to 17C, and 70-100% As and Cu cloud with an arch forming after 1600. Obviously the very high winds were not conducive to raptor movement: no migrants were recorded, and even resident birds were hard to find. The highlight of the day came at 1249 when Cliff found a new species for the area in the southern part of the Hay Meadow: the rare and elusive Rock Pigeon. It has taken us only 2390 field days to find the first one, which is the 100th species for the year and the 246th species for the study area. On the breeding front Ron saw a pair of American Dippers carrying food to a nest site behind Troll Falls, and at the other end of the process I observed a pair of Northern [Red-shafted] Flickers copulating in an aspen tree at 1912. The first pair of Harlequin Ducks was on the river near the site at 1920. (14.17 hours: 906.6) NO MIGRANT RAPTORS

DAY 74 (May 6) Calm conditions and -2C at 0630 changed after noon to SW winds gusting to 25 km/h with moderate to strong winds at ridge level, raising the temperature to 15C. The upper flow was NW until 1600 when it backed to W, and the cloud cover was a continuously changing kaleidoscope of Cu, Ac, As and Ci cloud giving generally good observation conditions. Raptor movement was again slow with the 6 GOEA (1 subadult, 5 juveniles) moving in mid-afternoon. The NOHA (an adult male) was only the fifth seen this spring. A LeConte’s Sparrow singing in the SE corner of the Hay Meadow was the first for the year [#99] and the earliest ever by 4 days. A Western Meadowlark perched on a snow fence post next to an American Robin and a Say’s Phoebe made an attractive grouping, and was the first seen since March 18. Swallows (4 species) and Yellow-rumped Warblers are now common, but butterflies are still relatively scarce although a single Red-disked Alpine at the site was new. (13.75 hours: 892.4) NOHA 1 (5), SSHA 2 (56), COHA 1 (16), RTHA 1 (57), GOEA 6 (2134), TOTAL 11 (2578)

DAY 73 (May 5) (Bill Wilson) South to SW winds gusting to 20km/h and moderate to strong SW winds aloft produced temperatures ranging from 4C to 9C and 5-80% mainly Cu cloud making the detection of high-flying raptors relatively easy. Not that there were a lot to detect, however, with 11 of the 14 migrant raptors moving between 1400 and 1700, including 7 juvenile GOEA. A Townsend’s Warbler singing south of the Ponds in the morning was the 98th species for the year, and a flock of 80 American Pipits in the Hay Meadow was the largest seen to date. (13.58 hours: 878.7) BAEA 1 (207), SSHA 1 (54), NOGO 2 (25), RTHA 1 (56), GOEA 7 (2128), AMKE 1 (8), UU 1 (6) TOTAL 14 (2567)

DAY 72 (May 4) Snow continued until 1125, but the ridges never fully cleared and low St cloud persisted all day, with the temperature reaching 5C. A positive sign was that the barometer finally stopped falling in the early afternoon, and was beginning to rise again by the end of the day. The only migrant raptor was a juvenile RTHA that probably roosted in the meadow overnight. The first flycatcher of the year, a Say’s Phoebe [#95], was at the site early in the morning, and it and a second bird were in the south meadow in the afternoon. The species arrived 8 days later than average. Ten Chipping Sparrows [#96] in a mixed sparrow flock were 5 days earlier than average, and a single male Harlequin Duck [#97] on the river near the site was 4 days late. (9.33 hours: 865.1) RTHA 1 (55) TOTAL 1 (2552)

May 3 Rain and snow all day with all peaks and ridges obscured. NO OBSERVATION

DAY 71 (May 2) A calm overcast morning with all peaks and ridges clear but with the barometer falling over the last 48 hours the prospects were not good. At 0800 light rain began to fall, by 0820 the rain was steady and everything was obscured and after 0845 the rain became heavy. A female AMKE at 0720 was the only raptor seen before the weather closed in. Presaging the rain, bird song was generally muted and sporadic, but a Lincoln’s Sparrow singing south of the site was the first for the year [#94] and 2 days earlier than average. I left just before 1000 soaked to the skin. (3.5 hours) AMKE 1 (7) TOTAL 1 (2552)

DAY 70 (May 1) A generally overcast day with 80-100% cloud cover, with variable to SW light to moderate winds and a temperature range of 0.5C to 11.5C. From 0945 to 1105 it rained steadily with all ridges obscured, but the eastern route quickly cleared although cloud lingered on the western ridges for most of the day. Despite the clearing raptor movement was almost non-existent until 1700 when sunny breaks signaled the start of a steady migration involving 9 raptor species that persisted until just after 1800, when it just as suddenly stopped: it was a good hour in An otherwise dull day. The total bird species count was 51 equalling the previous high for the season and included the first Steller’s Jay of the year [#92] which was just our 4th spring record, and the first Solitary Sandpiper [#93], which was 2 days earlier than average. For much of the afternoon a large flock of swallows (Tree, Violet-green, Northern Rough-winged and a single Barn) pursued insects (probably mainly caddis fly) over the river at the site. (13.58 hours: 853.3) OSPR 2 (6), SSHA 3 (53), COHA 1 (15), NOGO 1 (23), UA 2 (8), RTHA 2 (54), RLHA 1 (17), GOEA 4 (2121), AMKE 1 (6), MERL 2 (19), PRFA 1 (5), UF 1 (1), UU 1 (5) TOTAL 23 (2551)

DAY 69 (April 30) A cloudless start to the day allowed the temperature to drop to -5.5C but it quickly warmed up to a high of 11C with sunshine for most of the day. Winds were generally moderate SW and As/Ci cloud gave way after 1100 to 40-80% Cu giving excellent observing conditions. Raptor movement was steady all day from 0959 to 1947 with a season-high 11 species recorded. Movement was on the western route until 1400, then mainly above the middle of the valley until 1700 after which they mainly were seen high over the eastern route. The highlight was a total of three Turkey Vultures (2a, 1j) [species # 91] which represented not only the highest ever daily count at the site but the highest seasonal count as well! There have only been a total of 9 birds seen previously at the site since 1993. The GOEA total was the highest since April 21 and the highest ever for the date, and included just 1 adult bird. A juvenile bird recorded at 1618 brought the species total to 2100 and the combined species total to 2500. The combined species total for May of 622 birds is 25.5% below the long-term average, but is the highest total since 2003. The 332 GOEA total is 45.1% below the monthly average, as were RLHA (15, -14%), OSPR (4, -32%) and NOHA 3 (-57%). Most species totals, however, were higher than average including RTHA (44, 52.9%), COHA (14, 48%), SSHA 50, 41.3%), BAEA (105, 14.7%), NOGO (16, 11.8%) and all 5 falcon species. The 26 days spent observing during the month (4 full days were lost to weather) was 10.3% below average, but the 336.39 hours was almost exactly average.
I tallied a total of 48 bird species today, the second highest for the season, including the first 4 White-crowned Sparrows [# 89], 4 days later than the long term average arrival date, and a female Rusty Blackbird [#90]. (14.25 hours: 839.7) TUVU 3 (3), OSPR 3 (4), BAEA 1 (206), SSHA 10 (50), COHA 5 (14), NOGO 1 (22), UA 3 (6), RTHA 2 (52), GOEA 27 (2117), AMKE 1 (5), PEFA 1 (2), PRFA 1 (4) TOTAL 58 (2528)

April 29 Steady wet snow fell all morning turning to rain in the afternoon, with the ridges obscured all day. NO OBSERVATION

DAY 68 (April 28) (Cliff Hansen, Ron Dutcher) The rain continued to around 1030 with the ridges obscured until after 0900, then it progressively cleared until after 1900 it was almost cloudless. The temperature rose to 12C from a low of 4C and SW-W winds gradually diminished throughout the day. Once again raptor movement was almost non-existent with only one juvenile GOEA moving at 1605. There was an influx of 16 Northern Shovelers at Lorette Ponds and a flock of 10 Savannah Sparrows in the Hay Meadow was the highest number so far this year. (12.66 hours: 825.4) BAEA 1 (205), SSHA 1 (40), GOEA 1 (2090) TOTAL 3 (2470)

DAY 67 (April 27) (Joel Duncan) Strong SW winds all day with 30% Ac/As cloud thickening after 1400 with light rain developing, becoming 100% with steady rain after 1600 and temperatures ranging from 7C to 12C. Raptor movement was limited to only 6 birds of 3 species, and the only other obvious migrants were a steady stream of Yellow-rumped Warblers moving north throughout the day. (11.83 hours: 812.8) BAEA 2 (204), COHA 1 (9), GOEA 3 (2089) TOTAL 6 (2467)

DAY 66 (April 26) Upper winds were moderate SW backing to strong W after 1200, with Cu and Ac cloud giving an excellent observation backdrop, and the temperature rose to 11C from -3C. Raptor movement was again slow and very sporadic including single SSHA, COHA and NOGO passing in a 3-minute period (moving in taxonomic order!) and a group of 3 juvenile GOEA just before 1900. An adult male Richardson’s MERL at 1504 brought the species total to 17 equaling the highest spring count for the site. A Barn Swallow [species # 88] flying over the site at 1055 was the earliest ever and 10 days earlier than average and it, or a second bird, was seen again at 1439. All four swallow species seen so far at the site have arrived significantly earlier than the 15-year average return date. Wilson’s Snipe were heard in winnowing display flight for the first time, and Yellow-rumped Warblers were singing although no females have been seen yet. (14 hours: 801) BAEA 1 (202), SSHA 1 (39), COHA 1 (8), NOGO 1 (21), GOEA 6 (2086), AMKE 1 (4), MERL 1 (17) TOTAL 12 (2461)

DAY 65 ( April 25) Ground winds were generally from the south gusting to 18 km/h and moderate SW aloft, with Cu and As cloud and a temperature high of 11C. Raptor movement was painfully slow with only 5 migrants in over 13 hours of observation, including 2 BAEA raising the total for the species over 200. A single male “Pink-sided Junco” (J.h.mearnsi) in a flock of 30 montanus juncos was an overshoot from the south, and a Yellow Pine Chipmunk was the first seen this year. The highlight of the day, however, was a flock of Grey-crowned Rosy Finches estimated at 800 birds that swept back and forth like a cloud of smoke above the Fisher Range before condensing into a tight ball from which they dropped in a thin column like grains of sand in an hour glass to land at the tree-line. (13.33 hours: 787) BAEA 2 (201), SSHA 1 (38), GOEA 1 (2080), AMKE 1 (3) TOTAL 5 (2449)

DAY 64 (April 24) Generally a gloomy day with 100 to 80 % cloud cover with only occasional sunny breaks in the afternoon. Winds increased in strength from the SW throughout the day and the temperature reached 13C before light rain started at 1600 becoming heavy after 1915 with all the ridges obscured. Raptor movement was also dull with only 10 migrants scattered throughout the day. A male Brown-headed Cowbird [# 86] was the second earliest ever and 10 days earlier than average, and a Pine Siskin [#87] called at the site in the afternoon. The overcast morning put a good number of birds down in the meadow including 40 American Robins, 30 Dark-eyed Juncos, 35 American Pipits and 3 Savannah Sparrows. The first Western Pine Elfin of the year turned up at the site just before the rain started (13 hours: 773.6) SSHA 1 (37), UA 1 (3), GOEA 5 (2079), MERL 2 (16), UU (4) TOTAL 10 (2444)

DAY 63 (April 23) Cliff’s morning shift again produced fine weather after a -4C start, with light variable winds and 0-30% Cu cloud. The winds were generally from the SW in the afternoon with Cu cloud gradually giving way to Ci then Cs late in the day, with a high of 14C. Despite the westerly winds most movement was on the western route with the first Golden Eagles seen over the Fisher Range only at 1811, which also proved to be the last eagles of the day. Of the 20 Golden Eagle migrants, only 2 were adults, with 5 subadults and 13 juveniles. The first Yellow-rumped Warbler of the year [# 85] was a male Myrtle-Audubon’s intergrade, and was 4 days later than average. Later in the afternoon 2 male Audubon’s Warblers perched with a male Myrtle Warbler at the site. For the first time this season butterflies were fairly numerous including a number of Green Commas for the first time, and Western Toads joined their voices to those of the Wood Frogs also for the first time. (14 hours: 760.6) SSHA 4 (36), COHA 1 (7), NOGO 1 (20), UA 1 (2), RTHA 5 (50), RLHA 2 (16), GOEA 20 (2074), AMKE 1 (2), MERL 1 (14), PRFA 1 (3) TOTAL 37 (2434)

DAY 62 (April 22) (Bill Wilson) It was generally a gloomy day with 80-100% overcast conditions, but the eastern route was clear after cloud lifted from Mount Lorette after 1000, although cloud lingered on the western route. Winds were light to moderate SW aloft and generally light in the valley and the temperature rose to 10C from a low of -2C. Raptor movement was slow but steady after 1013 but no birds moved after 1738. A male American Kestrel at 1642 was the first for the year [#84], 3 days later than the long-term average arrival date. (14.75 hours: 746.6) BAEA 1 (199), SSHA 2 (32), NOGO 3 (19), RTHA 4 (45), GOEA 20 (2054), AMKE 1 (1), MERL 1(13), UU 1 (3) TOTAL 33 (2397)